The experiment included three exercises to show and further examine sound velocity. The velocity of sound in air and a glass tube was computed in the first activity. The speed of sound was calculated in the second activity using a veneer microphone attached to a veneer logger pro. Finally, the sound rate in solids was estimated using Kundt's tube. According to the information, the speed of sound has a theoretical speed of 347.8 m/s. In the first experiment, 7.4 per cent and 10.16 per cent errors were obtained using different frequencies, while 5.66 per cent errors were obtained in the second activity. Finally, when done experimentally, the speed of sound in the solid rod is calculated to be 5044.33 m/s with a percentage error of 15.33 per cent.
The sound velocity corresponds to the pressure disruption traveling from one particle to another [1]. A sound wave is essentially a traveling disturbance. A wave pulse represents a single disorder, and a sequence of disturbances is represented by a wave train. The number of pulses made in a given time is measured by wave frequency [1]. In its most basic form, frequency refers to the number of vibrations per second. It's commonly expressed in Hertz (Hz). On the other hand, resonance is an object's intrinsic vibration frequency. We carried out three actions in the experiment to demonstrate the various qualities of sound.
The experiment's goals are to:
a.) confirm the link between sound frequency and wavelength.
b.) utilizing a resonating air column to determine the speed of sound, and c.) Using a vibrating rod to calculate sound velocity in a solid.
Waves of sound
A sound wave is a disturbance that propagates from one place to another. It is multiplied by vibrating objects and can be communicated as longitudinal waves via liquid, plasma, or gases. Still, sound waves can be transferred as longitudinal waves or transverse waves through solids [1]. A longitudinal wave is one in which the particles travel in a direction parallel to the wave direction. On the other hand, transverse waves vibrate perpendicular to the axis of wave motion.
Methodology
The components utilized are resonance tube equipment, two tuning forks with various frequencies, a meter stick, rubber mallet, thermometer, and Kundt's tube apparatus.
Air Column That Resonates
The group began by striking the tuning fork with a rubber mallet towards the top of the resonance tube device, placing it on top of the glass tube, and gradually reducing the water level until they could hear the loudest sound. The highest sound heard was used to determine the water level. Then measured the distance between that location and the glass tube's top. Also measured was the diameter of the resonance tube. It was determined what wavelength the sound generated had. The average wavelength was selected from two trials. The sound velocity in the air was calculated using the average wavelength and frequency engraved. Without contacting the water, also measured the air temperature within the glass tube. Used the temperature to calculate the sound speed in air. The per cent inaccuracy was obtained by comparing the rate determined using the average wavelength and frequency to the speed calculated using the temperature within the tube and using other tuning forks to calculate the method.
Sound Frequency
The veneer microphone was linked to the interface's Channel 1. The microphone was positioned close to the open end of a closed tube. The Physics file "24 Speed of Sound" was opened. I snapped the fingers near the line as soon as the data gathering began. The time gap between the commencement of the first vibration and the start of the echo was calculated using the graph on the computer screen. The time it took for the sound to travel down the tube and return was recorded by dividing the length by one-half of a time interval obtained from the experiment, calculated the speed of sound. The acceptable value from the first action was used to calculate the per cent error.
Sound Speed in Solids
In the Kundt Tube, they evenly distributed a thin coating of cork dust. In the middle, the rod was clamped. The rod was rubbed with a coarse powdered cloth, causing it to vibrate at a high frequency. A wave pattern will appear in the cork dust within the glass tube. Computed the mean distance between two successive displacement nodes after measuring the displacement of the two nodes. They also determined the sound's frequency. They have calculated the theoretical speed of sound in the rod and the speed of sound in the rod. Finally, the computed data was used to determine the per cent error.
Conclusion
The link between sound frequency and wavelength has been established. Finally, the wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional to one another. With per cent errors of 7.4 per cent and 10.16 per cent, the speed of sound was effectively calculated using a resonating air column. Using a vibrating rod to determine the velocity of sound in a solid was successful, with a per cent error of 15.33 per cent. As a result, it can be deduced that the distance between nodes is equal to the wavelength of sound.
Author: Anthony Pratt
Profile: English Literature & Essay Writing Help
Country: Australia
Company: LiveWebTutors
