Observing events from a distance in Greek mythology reveals several themes. One of the finest trends noticed is the transition from Chaos to Man in the historical and anthropological period. From the Palaeolithic through the Roman and Hellenistic eras, the historical and anthropological chronology demonstrates growth in complexity as Greek mythology progresses from Chaos to humanity, the intricacy increases.
Until 7000 BC, the man was at his most primitive. This Palaeolithic Age saw the departure of Pre-Greeks who would not contribute to the development of Greeks. Greek mythology began with the same simplicity. Initially, there was just one state: Chaos. Chaos is amorphous, lifeless substance—no light, moon, or air. The ground had no vitality, and the sky was dark. Both the Pre-Greeks and Chaos are beginnings in their tales. They inhabited the story's development area, and the Pre-Greeks seized Greece.
The Neolithic Age (6000-3000 BC) followed the Palaeolithic Age. People started farming with olives, wheat, and grapes in the ground. They also stayed put, not wanting to leave their initial settlement location. Mythology depicts similar incidents. Gaea, Erebos, Tartarus, and Eros were the first four elements to appear after Chaos. These were the Neolithic Greeks' foundations for the remainder of the God population.
The late Bronze Age (1600–1150 BC) was the Mycenaean Age. Indo-Europeans began to conquer Mycenae, Thebes, Athens, Orchomenus, and Pylos. These cities were all vital in future fights. Troy was rebuilt twice. Warrior’s kings dominated this era. Linear B, the first utterly developed writing system, was invented in this era. In mythology, mighty Gods ruled throughout this epoch. Uranus is a ruthless tyrant who always takes advantage of Their progeny are Cyclopes, Hecatonchires, and Titans. There were 12 Titans in total: (8) Themis, (9) Mnemnosynê, (10) Phoebê, (11) Tethys, and (12) Cronus. These kids were all strong and capable of thought. This contrast displays leadership, loyalty, and mental growth. Cronus will be the leader, and some of his siblings will follow him. Instead of pure might, the Titans may employ the mind to help them defeat their enemies.
The Dark Age (1150–800 BC) followed the Bronze Age. The Great Mycenaean palaces were demolished here. There were many in this period of battle, kingdoms, and plagues. There was social disarray, population loss, and poverty. This period is echoed in mythology by Cronus and Uranos. During this time, Uranus was raping Gaea, and she was grieving the loss of her children. Every time Uranus and Gaea had a baby, Uranus stuffed it back into Gaea. Uranus ignores rationality and uses his might in this action. Because the father is frightened of being overthrown, there seems to be a propensity in Greek mythology to confine all offspring. Cronus, the final Child, was enraged when Uranos raped Gaea and castrated him with a sickle. Thus begins the tradition of father-son succession. This was a minor step ahead in mental and behavioural progress. Cronus uses rationality to eliminate his mother's misery by eradicating the source.
The Archaic (800–490 BC) followed the Dark Ages. This was when created the Greek alphabet with vowels and constants. Whence the Greek polis. People belonged to various regions, not only through blood. People began to trade and expand culturally and nationally. The sea was one of the few modes of transportation. So boats and rafts were trendy. Towards the conclusion of the Archaic period, Persia conquers Greek towns on the Turkish coast. This period corresponds to Zeus' and his siblings' lives in Greek mythology. On Olympus, the Olympians begin to settle in. They take a little respite while Zeus transitions from son to Ruler of the Sky. This is also when Coeus, Phoebe, Oceanus, and Tethys start their families. More "Tribes" are emerging in mythology as in the actual world.
The Classical Period followed the Archaic (490 BC to 323 BC). The primary tenet of Athens' democracy was that all free individuals had a stake in the city and a part in its government. During this time, philosophy and science evolved. Also, the Greeks' national pride and military strength began to inspire them all. Greek cities attacked each other, yet they all knew they were Hellenes. They didn't want to be like the barbarians. The Peloponnesian War was a major Greek war during this period. Sparta and Athens fought this war. This civil war took its toll on everyone. This era had only one notable leader, Alexander the Great. He is regarded as a great leader and strategic commander. His death in 323 ended the Classical Era. This time reflects the Olympians' daily lives on Olympus. Zeus rules, and it is a peaceful period. While the Olympians had disagreements, they were generally passive. Zeus feared for his safety during this period. Zeus and Metis had children. This is a unique scenario since the Child is a female, not a boy, born by Zeus, not Metis. So she can't topple him, and Zeus eventually did. Democracy, philosophy, and knowledge are echoed in mythology. With the episode involving Athena, Zeus begins to demonstrate more and more knowledge. To complete the sacred union, Zeus marries Hera.
The Hellenistic Period lasted from 323 BC until 30 BC. Greek culture became "universal" across the Mediterranean region during this historical period. Alexandria became Greece's capital. Rome invaded Greece in 146 BC, ending its almost 7000-year reign. This is analogous to man's creation. There is a comparable shift from Greek to Roman mythology and from Gods to humanity. A few drawings of man's design: Zoroaster creates man from mud, then floods the world, leaving Deucalion and Pyrrha to repopulate it. Overall, this depicts a shift from Gods to mortals comparable to the Hellenistic Period archaeologically.
The parallels between Greek mythology and Greece's historical and anthropological history are striking. The historical and anthropological chronology demonstrates growth in complexity from the Palaeolithic through the Roman and Hellenistic eras. As Greek mythology progresses from Chaos to humanity, the intricacy increases. The gods grew more reasonable and less aggressive as Greek history went on.
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