The central locking system's major duty is to regulate access authorization. Still, it also has to cover the following areas: activation of opening handles or lifting, braking, and locking the doors during the closing process.
The catch, pawl, and latch are all part of the door assembly. The striker for the door lock is linked to the body pillar. The door lock striker is caught by the latch when the door is closed, which keeps the door in the closed position and centres the door. The pawl securely holds the catch in place. When opening processes commence, this lock situation is immediately aborted. The forces operating on the inner or outer door handle are transmitted to the pawl, causing the catch to release and the door to open. While the door lock striker remains in place, the catch swivels into an open position.
In terms of functioning, there are two types of actuators in a central locking system: electromagnetic and pneumatic.
Electromagnetic actuators rely on solenoids, which use current flowing in both directions (open/closed) through an electric module to lock or unlock doors. Two sorts of layouts are used in this type of system. The first method employs different relays for each of the system's actions. One is committed to opening the door, while the other is dedicated to closing it. Both of them are controlled by a transistor that switches the circuit controlled by the capacitor (energy storage for system operation) that releases the current required to activate the locks. Another form employs a tandem of two capacitors and two relays. One pair is in charge of locking, and the other is in charge of unlocking. A current is discharged from the capacitor when the circuit is closed, and the lock is either opened or closed.
A central pneumatic unit controls the vacuum/pressure pump and drives the pneumatic actuators. Actuators function on the mechanical lock or unlock the door when suction is applied. The vacuum pump is powered by a motor that rotates in both directions. Backwards rotation provides vacuum, whereas forward rotation creates compressor action (doors open) (doors close). A change-over control switch changes the polarity of the electric motor.
Due to a need for quality and durability, electronic locking systems have replaced mechanical units in most current automobiles. The following are the major benefits of an electrical locking system:
Other auxiliary functions, like an interior light or a status indicator, can be added to an electrical locking system because it is equipped with electronics that can do these tasks. The data can-bus system communicates with the locks, power supply, and security system.
An immobilizer is an electrical anti-theft security mechanism that prohibits unauthorized people from starting the engine until they insert the right key or fob into the ignition barrel. If the right key is used, a signal is sent from the transponder within the key to the reader, who then sends it to the receiver (ECU). If the ECU recognizes the signal, the system authorizes the user to start the engine. If not, the immobilizer disables several automobile systems required to start the engine, including fuel injection, the fuel pump, and ignition components.
Because the immobilizer is tightly linked to the car security system, any unauthorized access to the vehicle detected by the security system (movement detectors, infrared sensors, sonic sensors, and a variety of other sensors, depending on the security system) automatically activates the immobilizer as well as any other alarm features such as the horn and flashing headlights.
The infrared signal created by the fob or key ring and received by an optical sensor device installed someplace in the car can activate the auto alarm. A radio control system is another form. The fob or key generates a radio signal picked up by the automobile antenna, which is usually a heated rear window. The signal is unique to each automobile in both cases, and the ECU recognizes just that signal.
To safeguard the automobile, the alarm system employs a variety of sensors:
Defect diagnosis and repair
Connect the central locking rig to the battery after that. I discovered that the locking system is malfunctioning. First, I examined the battery voltage, which was sadly too low: -12v. I connected the battery to the charger to correct this. Since then, the central locking mechanism has functioned properly and fast. After a short time, the system entirely ceased working, and the automobile key fob did not affect it. First, I double-checked the key's battery voltage. The voltage on the multimeter was 3 volts (battery type CR2032), which is fine.
I examined the key fob carefully for any signs of damage to the electrical circuit or battery holders, but everything appeared to be in working condition.
After that, I tested the resistance of each door using a multimeter, and the results were as follows:
All of the measurements matched the manufacturing range, according to Auto data. I double-checked continuity on each door to make sure my results were correct. This validated my suspicion that the wiring between the doors and the central unit is in good working condition. The final step in my diagnostics was to examine the condition of the central unit.
First, I checked voltage transmission from the battery to the central locking unit by connecting the multimeter to ports No. 2 and 8. Regrettably, the voltage was 0v. Then I double-checked the cabling between the central locking device and the battery for continuity, and there was no sense of continuity.
According to my diagnosis, the connection between the battery and the central locking device is defective, and one must replace the bad wiring to fix this.
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